INFINITIVE AND GERUND
BAHASA INGGRIS 2 #
Nama Anggota : Ahmad Rizkqi Nopaldi
Askar Timur
Muhammad Wachid Agung Laksono
Rifqi Ramadhan
Syah Rochman
Yhosi Fernando
FAKULTAS EKONOMI
UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA
JAKARTA
2017
1) Pengertian
· Gerund merupakan nomina yang dibentuk dari verba dengan menambahkan -ing. Sebagaimana nomina lainnya, gerund bisa menempati posisi subjek maupun objek dalam sebuah kalimat. Perhatikan contoh-contoh berkut ini:
1) Skating is good exercise.
2) They like reading.
· Infinitive
Infinitives adalah bentuk dasar dari verb. Dalam bahasa Inggris, penulisan infinitives biasanya diawali dengan kata “to”. Contohnya:
1. To watch
2. To talk
3. To run
4. To speak
2. Macam-macam
A. Gerund
a) Gerunds sebagai subjek
Berikut ini beberapa contoh gerund sebagai subjek dan objek.
§ 
Swimming is good service.
Swimming is good service.
§
|
Your singing is very beautiful.
§ Studying needs time and patience.
§ Playing football is fun.
§ Reading english is easier than speaking it.
b) Gerund sebagai objek
§ 
I enjoy singing.
I enjoy singing.
§
|
She likes dancing.
§ Thank you for your coming.
§ I hate arguing.
§ We love talking to you.
c) Gerund sebagai objek preposisi
Gerund sebagai objek preposisi yang terletak setelah preposisi. Preposisi yang sering dipakai adalah of, on, no, with, without, at for, after, before, because of, to, like, about, for, by, in.
Contoh:
Contoh:
§ He is tired of gambling
§ I am fond of eating bakso
§ He insisted on seeing her
§ I have no objection to hearing your story
§ You will not be clever without studying
d) Gerund sebagai pelengkap subjek
Gerund sebagai pelengkap subjek dalam kalimat biasanya selalu didahului to be yang terletak di antara subject dan subjective complement, contoh:
§ My favorite sport is running.
§ My favorite activity is reading.
§ My chief delight is dancing
§ Her hobby is singing
§ His habit is day dreaming
B. Infinitives
a) Infinitive Without To
Infinitive Without To (kata kerja Dasar tanpa To) merupakan kata kerja dasar yang tidak diawali oleh kata “to”. kata kerja Dasar ini sering disebut dengan Bare infinitive (kata kerja asli).
Misalnya: see (melihat), hear (mendengar), look (melihat), go (pergi), smoke (merokok), read (membaca), speak (berbicara) dan lain-lain.
b) Infinitive With To
Infinitive With To (kata kerja Dasar dengan To) merupakan kata kerja dasar yang diawali oleh kata “to”. kata kerja Dasar ini sering disebut dengan to infinitive.
Misalnya: to see (melihat), to hear (mendengar), to look (melihat), to go (pergi), to smoke (merokok), toread (membaca), to speak (berbicara) dan lain-lain.
3. Ciri-ciri
A. Gerund
1) Gerund as subject (kata benda sebagai seuyek/pokok kalimat).
2) Gerund as object of transitive verb (kata benda sebagai pelengkap dari kata kerja dasar).
3) Gerund as object of preposition (kata benda pelengkap dari kata depan).
4) Gerund after article (kata benda telah artikel/kata sandang).
5) Gerund after demonstrative (kata benda setelah kata ganti petunjuk).
6) Gerund after possessive adjective (kata benda setelah kata ganti kepunyaan).
7) Gerund after some verbs (kata benda setelah beberapa kata).
8) Gerund after some expression (kata benda setelah beberapa ungkapan).
A. Infinitive
a) Invinitive tanpa to
1) Mengikuti (digunakan sesudah) semua kata kerja bantu kecuali ought to dan used to.
2) Digunakan sesudah kata kerja persepsi (penginderaan)
b) Invinitive dengan to
1) Kebanyakan kata kerja diikuti oleh to + infinitive
2) to infinitive mengikuti (digunakan sesudah) auxiliary (kata kerja bantu) tertentu.
4. Fungsi
A. Gerund dapat pula berfungsi sebagai nomina dan verba pada waktu yang bersamaan. Perhatikan:
a) Riding a horse is good exercise.
b) They like playing football.
B. Infinitive
a) Sebagai subjek kalimat. Contoh:
§ To swim in the river is dangerous.
§ To study in Europe is my dream.
b) Sebagai objek kalimat. Contoh:
§ My mission is to help poor people.
§ My passion is to be president.
c) Digunakan setelah adjective, dengan rumus:
§ It is + adjective + to-infinitive. Contoh: It is good to talk
§ It is + adjective + infinitive + for someone + to-infinitive. Contoh: It is hard for elephants to see mice
§ It is + adjective + infintive + of someone + to-infinitive. Contoh: It is unkind of her to say that.
5. Perbedaan dan Persamaan
A. Mengikuti verb tertentu “yang berbeda”
§ Verbs yang diikuti gerund: avoid, admit, appreciate, anticipate, continue, deny, detest, delay, enjoy, excuse, finish, forgive, fancy, keep, mind, postpone, prevent, risk, resist.
§ Sedangkan, verb yang diikuti infinitive : ask, allow, advice, beg, decide, expect, hope, intend, invite, instruct, learn, mean, need, purpose, promise, permit, want, warn, would like, tell, teach, urge.
B. Dalam hal Prepositional Object: (To be) used to
§ Bila dalam infinitive, misalnya : I used to cry every night. Maka itukebiasaan lama, si “I” sudah tidak menangis tiap malam lagi.
§ Sedangkan dalam gerund, misalnya : I’m used to crying every night. Maka itu kebiasaan sampai sekarang, si “I” sampai sekarang masih suka menangis tiap malam.
6. 
Contoh Infinitive dan Gerund
Contoh Infinitive dan Gerund
= Gerund
 |
= Infinitive
In a bid to develop the food and beverage industry, business people need to expand their markets by targeting low-income people rather than only concentrating on increasing production output.
“When we speak about the equality gap, we speak about boosting demand, not the supply side. Without good demand, the industry won’t grow well,” said economist Aviliani from the Institute for Development of Economics and Finance (INDEF) on Tuesday.
While talking with stakeholders in the food and beverage industry at the Industry Ministry building Aviliani said improving demand or public spending was important especially with the expected increase in inflation this year.
Inflation is expected to rise to 4 percent this year on the back of a recovery in the prices of oil, gas and other commodities, as well as rises in electricity prices. She noted the number of Indonesians living in poverty was 29 million people and those living on the edge of poverty amount to 71 million. “So there are 100 million people whose demands need to be met,” she said.
The Indonesia Food and Beverage Association (GAPMMI) is aiming to see industry output grow at 8.5 percent this year to roughly Rp 1.51 quadrillion (US$113.52 billion) on the back of rising sales.
